Cronut
Quick answer
The cronut is a hybrid pastry invented in New York in 2013 by pastry chef Dominique Ansel, created by frying laminated croissant dough in a doughnut shape.
What makes this special
- Laminated croissant dough fried in a doughnut shape defines this New York hybrid pastry.
- Croissant laminated dough fried in a doughnut shape; a 2013 New York original
- Butterlayers require repeated chilling between folds to stay distinct
Key ingredients
Core cooking flow
- 1 Mix 300 g bread flour, 35 g sugar, 6 g instant yeast, and 170 ml milk until a dough forms.
- 2 Keep 180 g butter cold and flatten it into an even slab.
- 3 Repeat the rolling and folding turns to build clear laminated layers.
The cronut is a hybrid pastry invented in New York in 2013 by pastry chef Dominique Ansel, created by frying laminated croissant dough in a doughnut shape. Within days of its debut, the shop had lines stretching around the block before dawn, and the cronut was named one of Time magazine's best inventions of the year. The process demands traditional croissant dough built over three days: flour and yeast are combined into a basic dough, then cold butter is folded in through repeated lamination turns that create dozens of distinct layers. That laminated dough is then cut into rings and deep-fried in oil held at a precise temperature, a step that produces the signature result of a flaky, layered interior like a croissant combined with the crisp, light shell of a doughnut. A flavored cream is piped inside and the exterior is coated in a thin glaze. A single bite delivers a sequence of experiences: the crack of the glaze, the crunch of the exterior, the airy pull-apart of buttery layers, and finally the cool richness of the cream filling. Oil temperature is critical, as oil that is too hot burns the outside while leaving the interior raw, and oil that is too cool soaks into the dough and turns it heavy. The three-day lamination process cannot be shortened without compromising the layered structure that defines the pastry.
Instructions
Read the steps as a cooking flow: prep, heat, seasoning, doneness control, and finish.
- 1Season
Mix 300 g bread flour, 35 g sugar, 6 g instant yeast, and 170 ml milk until a dough forms.
Knead until smoother and elastic, then let it rise in a warm spot for the first proof.
- 2Step
Keep 180 g butter cold and flatten it into an even slab.
Enclose it in the dough, roll gently, fold, and chill before the butter softens or leaks through the dough layers.
- 3Step
Repeat the rolling and folding turns to build clear laminated layers.
If the dough feels sticky or butter becomes visible, chill it at once so the layers stay separate instead of smearing together.
- 4Prep
Roll the chilled dough to 1.5 cm thickness and cut it into doughnut rings.
Avoid pressing the cut edges, because compressed layers rise poorly, and keep any remaining dough cold while working.
- 5Heat
Proof the cut rings briefly at room temperature.
Stop when they look slightly puffy and jiggle lightly when moved, because overproofed laminated dough can collapse or leak butter in the fryer.
- 6Season
Heat 800 ml frying oil to 170C and fry until both sides are evenly golden.
If the oil temperature drops, wait before adding more pieces, then drain well and coat with sugar while still warm.
After the steps
Pick a recipe that fits this dish.
Continue with shared ingredients, meal pairings, or a similar method.
Recipes That Go Well With This
More Baking →Based on shared ingredients and meal pairing
Classic Croissant
A classic croissant is built through lamination: a process of folding cold butter into yeast-leavened dough in successive turns to create dozens of alternating layers. Three sets of folds produce a structure so layered that when baked, the butter melts and releases steam, forcing each layer apart from within. Keeping the butter at a similar temperature to the dough throughout is critical because if the block grows too hard it shatters through the layers and if it grows too soft it merges with the dough and the lamination collapses. The exterior caramelizes into a shell so thin and crisp it shatters at the slightest pressure, scattering golden flakes. The interior, by contrast, is a honeycomb of soft, airy strands held together by the ghost of dissolved butter. Tearing a warm croissant apart releases a rush of butter fragrance, and the dough itself carries a faint sweetness from sugar and milk.
Danish Pastry
Danish pastry is a laminated dough enriched with eggs and butter, folded in successive turns to create flaky layers, then shaped and filled before baking. The process resembles croissant-making, but the dough is softer and sweeter, and the shaping is more varied with diamonds, pinwheels, and envelopes all being common forms. In the oven, the butter between the layers melts and creates steam, pushing apart each fold into crisp, golden leaves. The interior stays pillowy and brioche-like, carrying a pronounced butter flavor throughout. Custard cream or fruit placed in the center bakes alongside the pastry, the custard firming into a smooth, glossy pool. A drizzle of sugar glaze after baking adds a thin, sweet sheen that finishes each piece.
Clafoutis (French Baked Cherry Custard Dessert)
Clafoutis is a traditional French dessert from the Limousin region made by arranging fresh cherries in a buttered baking dish, then pouring over a thin batter of eggs, sugar, milk, and flour and baking at 180 degrees Celsius for thirty to thirty-five minutes. The batter is considerably thinner than pancake batter, and the result when baked is a texture that sits between a creamy custard and a light sponge -- the edges puff and turn golden while the center around the cherries stays moist and yielding. Using unpitted cherries is the traditional method: the pits release a faint almond scent during baking that perfumes the surrounding batter in a way that pitted fruit cannot replicate. The cherries also hold their shape better with the pits in. Vanilla extract deepens the egg-and-milk base, and the cherries' own tart juice seeps into the batter during baking, creating concentrated pockets of fruit flavor that balance the overall sweetness. Clafoutis is served directly from the baking dish, typically dusted with powdered sugar and brought to the table while still warm, because the custard texture softens and loosens slightly as it cools, making the warm version noticeably more appealing. Made with blueberries, plums, or apricots instead of cherries, the dessert takes a different name -- flaugnarde -- though the technique remains identical.
Cream Horn Pastry (Spiral Puff Pastry Cone with Cream Filling)
Cream horns are made by wrapping thin strips of puff pastry around conical metal molds in a tight spiral and baking until the laminated layers separate into a crisp, golden shell. The hundreds of butter-and-dough layers in the pastry open and puff apart in the oven's heat, producing a horn that is structurally firm yet delicate enough to shatter on first bite. Once the horns cool, the metal cone is removed to reveal a hollow pastry ready for filling. A mixture of cream cheese and whipped cream is piped generously inside, delivering smooth, lightly tangy sweetness that plays against the brittle exterior. A final dusting of powdered sugar completes the presentation. The critical rule is timing - filling the horns only just before serving preserves the crispness, as the cream introduces moisture that softens the pastry rapidly.
Serve with this
Beet and Goat Cheese Salad
Beet and goat cheese salad begins with whole beets wrapped in foil and roasted at 200°C for forty-five to sixty minutes, long enough for their raw, earthy undertone to convert almost entirely into a concentrated, caramel-adjacent sweetness. Peeling the skins while the beets are still warm requires only the pressure of a paper towel - they slip off cleanly - and slicing them before they cool preserves the vivid crimson-purple cross-section that makes the dish visually striking. Crumbled goat cheese placed on the warm slices softens slightly, and its tangy acidity cuts through the dense sweetness of the roasted root rather than competing with it. Walnuts toasted briefly in a dry pan lose much of their raw bitterness, developing a nuttiness that bridges the mineral quality of the beet and the dairy sharpness of the cheese. Balsamic reduction does more than dress the plate: its concentrated sweet-tart intensity ties the separate components into a coherent whole. Arugula underneath the beet slices provides a peppery bitterness that sharpens the contrast against the sweetness, giving the salad a complexity well beyond what its short ingredient list suggests. A simple dressing of extra-virgin olive oil and lemon juice over the greens keeps the balance light and clear.
Walnut Cakes (Korean Bite-Sized Red Bean Walnut Pastries)
Hodu-gwaja are bite-sized Korean walnut cakes baked in a dedicated walnut-shaped cast iron mold, made from a batter of cake flour, baking powder, eggs, milk, and melted butter. Each cavity is half-filled with batter, then topped with sweet red bean paste and a toasted walnut half, sealed with a second pour of batter, and cooked over medium-low heat for six to eight minutes per side. The result is a thin, lightly browned shell encasing a moist, soft interior. Toasting the walnut halves at 160 degrees Celsius for five minutes beforehand makes a noticeable difference: the finished cakes carry a deeper, more fragrant nut aroma compared to those made with untoasted walnuts. Resting the batter for ten minutes before using it relaxes the gluten, which reduces air pockets during pouring and produces a smoother exterior surface. The cake originated as a regional specialty of Cheonan in South Chungcheong Province and has since become one of the most recognized snacks sold at highway rest stops and traditional markets across the country.
Korean Banana Milk
Banana milk is a homemade version of one of Korea's most consistently popular packaged beverages, sold in its distinctive small barrel-shaped bottle since 1974. Fresh ripe bananas are blended with cold milk, a spoonful of condensed milk, and a drizzle of honey to hit the characteristic level of sweetness. A small amount of vanilla extract bridges the fruit flavor and the dairy base, smoothing out any sharpness. Blending with ice produces a thick, smoothie-like consistency, while leaving out the ice gives a thinner, pourable drink closer to the original product. Unlike the commercial version, the homemade result contains no artificial flavoring or coloring, so the color stays a natural pale yellow rather than the vivid shade of the packaged drink. The sweetness varies with banana ripeness, and honey can be adjusted accordingly. Using frozen bananas in place of fresh ones plus ice delivers a cold, creamy texture without dilution. The whole preparation takes under five minutes, making it a practical option for a quick snack or light breakfast.
Similar recipes
Pain au Chocolat
Two sticks of dark chocolate are sealed inside laminated croissant dough and baked until the exterior shatters into golden, buttery flakes. As the pastry cools for a minute on the rack, the chocolate inside transitions from fully molten to a soft, fudgy state that clings to the layers when torn apart. Dozens of paper-thin sheets of dough, created through repeated folding with cold butter, give each bite an audible crunch followed by a yielding, airy interior. Using chocolate with at least fifty-five percent cacao ensures that the filling carries enough bitterness to stand up to all that butter. Shaped portions freeze well, allowing an overnight thaw and morning proof for fresh pastries without starting from scratch.
Chocolate Lava Cake
Chocolate lava cake bakes a batter of melted dark chocolate, butter, whole eggs, egg yolks, sugar, and a small measure of flour in buttered ramekins at 220 degrees Celsius for ten to twelve minutes, producing a set crust and molten center from a single brief baking window. The high oven temperature firms the outside and top of the batter into cake while the core stays liquid, so breaking the surface with a spoon releases a slow pour of concentrated warm chocolate. High-cacao dark chocolate provides a complex, bittersweet depth that pairs with the richness of butter fat, and vanilla extract softens and rounds the overall aroma. Timing controls everything in this recipe: overbaking by even two minutes sets the center solid and destroys the signature flow. The edges of each ramekin should feel just firm when pressed lightly through a towel at the ten-minute mark. Ramekins can be filled ahead and refrigerated, but the baking time then needs an extra one to two minutes to account for the colder starting temperature. Serving with a scoop of vanilla ice cream or a spoonful of cold heavy cream creates a striking contrast between the hot, dense chocolate interior and the chilled, lighter dairy.